Animal Research Essays (648 words) - Product Certification, Diets

The Cost of Food: Is Quality Worth The Cost Trade Off? There is a tremendous difference between natural and processed foods. The most fundamental differences are the method of growing and processing, the nutrient content of the food, and cost. Currently there is a trend towards healthier diet in the U.S., because of the diseases and health issues that have a direct relationship to the types and amounts of foods consumed. The natural or organic growing process is different, because do not use artificial fertilizers and pesticides to speed up growing times, or pesticides that leave residues that at toxic. Natural foods are simple and basic. Natural foods require no processing and are ready to eat off the vine or out the pan. Processed foods are altered from the beginning with fertilizers, pesticides, and other modifications that leave harmful traces or residues. Natural or organic foods are closer to their natural state and have more vitamins and nutrients and are better for your health. The conflict is that they are usually more expensive and have a shorter shelf life as a result of not having preservatives or additives. The primary goal of processing is to lengthen of the shelf life so that large amount can be sold over longer periods of time. This is more efficient in that it can be mass produced, use mass distribution, and be cost effective. The problem is that processing methods use additives, preservatives, un-natural genetic materials, and radiation and heat treatments that alter or destroy the natural healthy vitamins and minerals. Manufactures patent some of the processing methods that they use, and that means it is essentially a secret or mystery to consumer as to what they did or what was added. Natural foods are generally one or possibly two isles of the store, but the processed foods comprise the remainder of the store. There are not the only differences in the location in the store, the packages or containers, the levels of freshness, and the general appearance of the food itself. The processed foods are packaged for longer shelf life, whereas the natural food usually has a much shorter shelf life, because it is fresh and spoil much quicker due to the fact that it does not contain preservatives and other additives which drastically change the foods (appearances, texture, and nutrient content). Natural foods are simple and basic. Natural foods require no processing and are ready to eat off the vine or out the pan. Natural foods are simple and basic. Natural foods require no processing and are ready to eat off the vine or out the pan. Processed foods have been altered from the beginning with fertilizers, pesticides, and other modifications that leave harmful traces or res idues. . The cost or economics of natural foods in comparison to processed foods are also the determining factors. All the concerns the debate of natural versus processed centers around cost in one way or another. From the field (production) to the shelf (consumption) every aspect is viewed from the perspective of cost. The health issues that are associated with healthy food (food that has the natural nutritional value) to the processed foods (foods that possibly have negative side effects) that drive up health cost indirectly as a result. The corporations are constantly finding ways to cheaply process food and manipulate buyers, regardless of the detrimental effects on the health of Americans. In conclusion there are many influencing factors in this debate. The manner of marketing the products, production cost, the Western lifestyle (quick, easy to prepare, and inexpensive), the conditioning of taste choices, education, social position, and the economic behavior of both consumers and corporations. . References Healthy Eating Politics Alternative Views of Food and Health, Initials. (2008). Healthy eating politics alternative views on food and health. Retrieved from http://healthy-eating-politics.com/processed-foods.html Retrieved 6/2/2011

Checklist for Editing Paragraphs and Essays

Checklist for Editing Paragraphs and Essays Editing is a way of thinking critically and reading carefully.(C. Friend and D. Challenger, Contemporary Editing. Routledge, 2014) After revising an essay (perhaps several times) until were satisfied with its basic content and structure, we still need to edit our work. In other words, we need to examine our sentences to make sure that each one is clear, concise, forceful, and free of mistakes. Use this checklist as a guide when editing paragraphs and essays. Is each sentence clear and complete?Can any short, choppy sentences be improved by combining them?Can any long, awkward sentences be improved by breaking them down into shorter units and recombining them?Can any wordy sentences be made more concise?Can any run-on sentences be more effectively coordinated or subordinated?Does each verb agree with its subject?Are all verb forms correct and consistent?Do pronouns refer clearly to the appropriate nouns?Do all modifying words and phrases refer clearly to the words they are intended to modify?Is each word in the essay appropriate and effective?Is each word spelled correctly?Is the punctuation correct? See also:Revision and Editing Checklist for a Critical Essay

Legalization of Medical Marijuana in United States Essay

Legalization of Medical Marijuana in United States - Essay Example The medical use of marijuana can be dated long back in the world history of medicine. It has been found to be used in several countries and cultures to relieve chronic pain and in the treatment of various ailments like asthma, nausea, migraine, hypertension, anxiety, insomnia, epilepsy and even cancer. But the wide use of marijuana as the recreational drug was also common historically. The active ingredient in marijuana, the delta-tetrahydrocannabinol, was found to boost mood, perception, and consciousness. This property of marijuana resulted in controversy related to the legalization of its use. The critics argue that legalization of marijuana may provoke its use for recreational purpose rather than medical purpose. Some critics also disagree with the medical benefits of marijuana. The current paper concentrates on the issue of legalization of the medical use marijuana focusing on the pros and cons of its use and on the medical, government and legal approaches regarding the controve rsy.The use of marijuana for medicinal purposes was common historically. Its earliest written evidence was found in Chinese literature from fifteenth century B.C. Several articles were published in medical journals regarding the therapeutic use of marijuana. The modern phase of therapeutic use of cannabis began about 140 years ago when reports on its effectiveness as an analgesic and anticonvulsant were found. At about the same time its use in melancholia and other psychiatric illnesses was also demonstrated.

Housing prices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Housing prices - Essay Example There could be seen different changes in the prices of homes throughout the country and condos were hit lowest comparing to single -family homes. The article gives here an insight about the housing market condition during the year of 2010.The article is very precise and gives a very brief idea about the housing market. The article takes the readers straight away into the market scenario and doest not give much introduction about the topic. It would be very efficient to commence the article with description bit more about the subject in order to attract the readers and create an impact in the minds of the reader. Every article needs an introduction as it is the point where the readers get involved in the reading and continue to remain with the article. The readers must be given more information about the reason for fall in the prices of house. Little more details about the market scenario and the buyer’s behavior could have added some depth to the article. The good part of the writing was that the author has given more statistical details which are very beneficial on economic basis. But if the readers are common men they would look in for more simple explanation about the subject. Another shortcoming of the writing is that there is no conclusion to the article .It ends nowhere and this gives a very poor outlook to the article. The first thing to be done to the article if it is to be given a make over is to write a good introduction. Introduction can be about the housing market and the situation it was in during the previous years. The writing should be a proper one with an introduction a small body and conclusion, only then the article can be regarded complete. The purpose of the article is to give information to the reader about the topic and only a whole article can fulfill this purpose. The body of the article needs to be about the housing sector sales activity and also about the buyers spending behavior. The home income level of the people can also be

LAW2040 PROPERTY LAW 2B Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

LAW2040 PROPERTY LAW 2B - Essay Example This arrangement went on for seven years – James making the mortgage repayments, while Cara did domestic chores. Cara did not make any mortgage payments on this flat, nor did she have a child at home to care for. Because the proceeds from the flat were used to buy the pig farm, it is therefore pertinent to analyze whose property was the flat in the first instance. Therefore, the real question here is whether Cara’s domestic contribution towards the household factors into who would be entitled to lay claim to the original flat? This question can be answered by examining Burns v. Burns [1984] Ch 317. In Burns, the plaintiff, Valerie Burns, lived with the defendant for 19 years, without the benefit of marriage. Valerie did not contribute financially towards the purchase price of the home or the mortgage installments, and acted as a homemaker. She also paid some household bills and paid for expenses related to redecorating. However, the Burns court stated that, absence any proof that Valerie made financial contributions to the purchase price or the mortgage installments, she did not have the right to beneficial entitlement to the home. In this case, Cara did contribute to purchase price, then made no other financial contributions for the next seven years. Therefore, the property would be Cara’s to the extent that she financially contributed to it, and no more, and the rest would be considered to be James’. It is unclear how much Cara put towards the property when the property was purchased, and for how much the flat was sold, but any money that was realized from the sale of this property would belong mostly to James, which means that James put most of the money towards the financing of the pig farm, even though the pig farm was titled only in Cara’s name. That said, other cases indicate that Cara would be entitled to a share of the original flat, beyond what she contributed financially, so the analysis will also take this into acc ount. The leading case which would answer this question would be Oxley v. Hiscock [2004] EWCA Civ 546. In this case, two unmarried parties purchased a house, and the property was transferred into the name of the male partner, who was the defendant. In this case, as in the case at bar, both parties directly contributed to the purchase price of the house. Because the non-owner of this home did directly contribute directly towards the purchase price, the non-owner was entitled to a beneficial share of the home. Therefore, the principle established by Lloyds Bank plc v. Rosset [1990] UKHL 14 would not be used. The principle in Rosset, which echoes the principle in Burns, is that conduct alone would not entitle an individual to a beneficial interest in property. Nothing less than direct monetary contribution would suffice. That said, Abbott v. Abbott [2007] UKPC 53 states that a party’s course of conduct would be examined in relation to the property, in order to determine who had what share of the home. However, Holbech states that the Abbott court would only look at indirect contributions towards the purchase price, such as payments into a joint account out of which the mortgage was paid, or works to improve the property. Drake v. Whipp [1986] Ch 638 is another case which addresses these concerns.

Martin Scorsese And Mean Streets Film Studies Essay

Martin Scorsese And Mean Streets Film Studies Essay Authorship is important in every art form, for reason of intellectual property rights and for reasons of status and identification. The film critic Andrew Sarris became the proponent of what is now called auteur theory. Sarris claimed that film at its best constitutes the kind of inspired personal expression from a director that we expect to find in a major author, Sarris therefore said we can treat great directors who develop a signature style as auteurs. http://www.cs.grinnell.edu/~simpsone/Connections/Film/Author/index.html. The word author is a driven from the French word auteur. Sometime the word used as auteurism marks a major part played in the critical debates by French film critics, especially those associated with journal Cahiers du Cinà ©ma in the 1950s and 1960s.the directors were claimed and considered to be the author of the film. This did not however mean that every director was to be considered to be an auteur (http://www.filmreference.com/encyclopedia/Academy-Awards -Crime-Films/Auteur-Theory-and-Authorship.html).Auteur theory suggests that a director, can use the same apparatus of filmmaking in the same way that a writer uses a pen or a painter uses paint and a paintbrush. (http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/staffhome/siryan/Screen/Auteur%20Theory.html). The auteur theory became the basis of the French cinematic movement, the nouvelle vague also known as the new wave. (http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/44609/auteur-theory). http://www.cs.grinnell.edu/~simpsone/Connections/Film/Author/index.html In this assignment I am going to be talking about Martin Scorsese in terms of authorship in relation to mean streets. Martin Scorsese is considered one of the most influential directors of his era. Born in 1942, Martin Scorsese grew up in the lower Manhattans Little Italy neighborhood, (which was later the setting for several of his films). Growing he was captivated by Friday night broadcasts of Italian- neo realist films, from then Scorsese was drifted toward the European cinema. He became attracted to a style of filmmaking that was different from Hollywood. After high school Scorsese entered the priesthood and spent a year at a catholic seminary before dropping out, (this had a big influence on his films). He studied at New York City University, where he was greatly influenced by the cinematic realism of French and Italian new wave. The impact of Scorsese can be shown in a number of ways including such as his directing style, the films he has made and the relationships he has made in the industry. Scorsese has a uses film as a mode of personal expression, he uses film as an emotional and artistic passage. We can see the expression of his upbringing in several of his films, e.g. in whos knocking at my door (1968), which feels a lot representative of Scorseses own up-bringing as it introduces themes of catholic guilt, (also introduced in mean streets 1973), as he had a Roman Catholic up-bringing. [Data gathered from (http://www.notablebiographies.com/Sc-St/Scorsese-Martin.html) and V.LoBruto; Martin Scorsese a biography 2008; Praeger Publishers Inc The themes and tendencies use by Scorsese have remained the same. He addresses such themes as Italian American identity, violence, Roman Catholic concepts of guilt and redemption. His authorship styles include a feel for New York Italian American street life, rapid editing, eclectic soundtracks and a troubled protagonist. Another typical Scorsese technique which stands out is his use of the voice over narration. We can see this in most of his films including Mean Streets (1973). Scorseses use of voice over allows him to add vital elements to his characters. It also allows the audience to enter the characters minds and determine what he is really thinking, this will make the audience relate more and understand the characters. I am now going to apply these in Mean Streets (1973) and also analyse the final sequence from the movie. Mean Streets is a film about a young Italian American who is trying to cope in the tough environment streets of New York. All of the above authorship styles apply to Mean Streets. Mean Streets powerfully portrayed life in Little Italy where he grew up. The film also showed off talent and started a relationship with Robert De Niro, who went on to star in eight more of Scorsese films. The scene that I am analysing is all shot in low key lighting; this is done to give the night time effect. Scorsese uses low key lighting in a few of his other films but notably in Goodfellas (1990), which contains low key lighting throughout. In the scene there is a fast paced electric rock soundtrack playing. This is also one of Scorseses signature techniques. The music is setting up the mood raising interest to the audience. The electric soundtrack plays so sudden that the audience excitement just builds up. Overall the music that Scorsese uses portrays the mood as well as the setting of the film. For example in GoodFellas (1990) and Casino (1995) 60s Italian music is played to make the scenes seem as though they were set at the time. The scene is shot in a tracking shot as the cars are being followed in the road. Scorsese is well known for showing off his tracking shot skills in all of his films. In the scene, there are a lot of mid shots, these is to show off the character and t he emotions so that the audience can sympathise and relate with or vise-versa. In the scene the action begins when the shooting begins, the blood in the scene is exaggerated but this is to raise excitement, anxiety and a dramatic effect to the audience. The shooting sequence is really fast paced, distorted and consists of a fast paced dialogue, though this is another one of scorseses signatures, it has a dramatic effect to it. Scorsese films tend to have unflinchingly graphic and realistic violence, we can see this thought the film for example during the bar fight. The electric music still playing in the background has no meaning with what is happening in the scene, however this may make the film more appealing to the audience that know the soundtrack, thus attracting more audience by the soundtrack, this requires cultural knowledge. However I can argue that the rock electric music is connotating the meaning and message of the film, thus associated with sex, drugs and bad boys. The intensity in the scene in increased more when they show the close up of the foot on the brakes, this raises tension as the audience want to know if the car is going to crash or not. It is interesting how the music suddenly stops when the car crashes, this may be to give effect of shock to the audience. And the water pipe bursts we can only here the diegetic sound of the water. This scene raises enigmas to the audience as they are curious as to did anyone die? The camera also show a mid-close up of the two guys in the car to show that they are curious as well as to did anyone die, get hurt etc. suddenly again with a signature movie slow paced music unexpectedly starts though this time it matches with the action in the scene. The character get out of the car in a kind of slow motion take, this is often used by Scorsese, this is to give dramatic effect to the scene in this case when bloody Charlie falls on to his knees, this is a dramatic shot and it builds emotions to the audience. Sc orsese has used the slow motion effect throughout the film, Mean Streets (1973) as well as in GoodFellas (1990), Taxi Driver (1976) and Raging Bull (1980). The water from the pipe was shown to have the effect as if it is raining; this is to signify that it is over. This scene is followed by several scenes from other character in different places. Then there is a long shot of New York City probably to show on more time were the action happens. Scorseses films are usually set in New York City where he grew up. The scene then fades to black which usually connotates the pass of time, then the credits are shown. In the analysis I have evaluated most of scorseses signature cinematography techniques in from one scene. Martin Scorsese has always done something different to distinguish himself from other directors.

Social Institutions of the World State within Brave New World :: essays research papers

„ « Family In the totalitarian society of Brave New World, the development of human beings is completely controlled by the World State. Each person is raised in a hatchery, where the government controls every stage of their development until maturity, a process that takes Two-hundred and sixty-seven days. The embryos ¡Ã‚ ¦ DNA is controlled chemically to stimulate or to retard their physical and mental growth to create a biological class structure. The human ¡Ã‚ ¦s placement into a certain class, such as Alpha, Beta, etc., depends on their level of physical and mental  ¡Ã‚ §perfection. ¡Ã‚ ¨ The very notion of human reproduction without genetic purity (regular human birth) is viewed as dirty and illegal. The hatcheries, including the use of hypnopaedia to teach and build  ¡Ã‚ §values, ¡Ã‚ ¨ have done away with the traditional nuclear family. The strict biological class structure, which influences the behavior and intellect of the humans within those classes, and psychological messages that are broadcast continually, replace the same process done by the parents of children of centuries past with a system of development that is faster and more efficient. Hypnopaedia also instills the people of the state with the knowledge of the different classes in the world and why it is best to be in the class you are in, guaranteeing that the masses comply with the situation they are placed in. Thinking as a whole class, rather than as individuals, eliminates overachieving and striving to better their lives so the State can better control the populace. Because of the birthing system and views towards biological reproduction, marriage is not practiced. Since everyone  ¡Ã‚ §belongs ¡Ã‚ ¨ to everyone else within a class, sexual coupling is encouraged without fear of commitment to any one individual, and it even helps the society prosper according to the World State. „ « Education The entire educational process is provided by the World State during the period where human beings are developing within the hatcheries. This is mostly performed through Hypnopaedia,  ¡Ã‚ §sleep-learning. ¡Ã‚ ¨ By repeating phrases over and over while the children sleep, the State can condition each person to accept his role in the world around him and to behave in what is deemed as "safe." Other forms of education include sessions that are much like behavioral training of laboratory animals. For example, the dislike of roses and books is enforced through electric shock while they are still babies. Even sexual promiscuity is regular education for humans as soon as they reach puberty.

Banking Formalities

BANKING FORMALITIES : SUCH AS NEGOTIATION OF DOCUMENTS Negotiation means the standard procedures that bank performs which includes checking of the documents and giving value to the seller. The issuing bank may issue the LC available by negotiation with a nominated bank or it may allow the LC to be freely negotiated with any bank. In the first case, the beneficiary, that is the seller, has to present the documents only to that bank, which is the nominated bank.Nevertheless, the nominated bank is not bound to negotiate if it has not undertaken a separate payment obligation to the seller. The nominated bank may simply refuse to negotiate the documents drawn under the LC. This is because, by having been nominated by the issuing bank, it does not constitute and undertaking to negotiate. If, however, the nominated bank has added its confirmation to the LC at the request of the issuing bank, thereby undertaking a separate payment obligation to the seller, then it has to honour its undertak ing and pay for the documents drawn under the LC if they are in order (Article 9b).LC which does not nominate any bank is normally available for negotiation with any bank in the country of the seller which is willing to negotiate the documents. For the information of all traders, there are 4 types of negotiation practiced by banks around the world. They are: 1. Negotiation without recourse 2. Negotiation with recourse 3. Negotiation against indemnity 4. Negotiation under reserve Let me explain Negotiation without recourse first and the rest at a later posting.A seller may present his documents drawn under LC directly to either a) The issuing Bank (bank that issues the LC) or b) The confirming bank (bank that adds its confirmation at the request of the issuing bank) or c) To his own bank If the seller chooses to present the documents directly either to the ISSUING BANK or to the CONFIRMING BANK, these banks make payment WITHOUT RECOURSE to him. Meaning, the payment that has been paid to the seller shall not in any way become claimable by these banks in the event the documents are found not in order after making such payment.These banks cannot have recourse to the seller because by issuing or confirming the LC, they have taken upon themselves the risk that the party from whom reimbursement is to be obtained may become insolvent. I hope this would give traders a general idea of how the LC operates and the implications to buyer and seller. BANKING FORMALITIES :OBTAINING PACKING CREDIT AND POST SHIPMENT FINANCE Packing Credit : Overview Packing credit is a loan/ cash credit facility sanctioned to an exporter in the Pre-Shipment stage.This loan facilitates the exporter to purchase raw materials at competitive rates and manufacture or produce goods according to the requirement of the buyer and organize to have it packed for onward export.. The lending institutions seek a Letter of Credit opened in favour of the exporter from the overseas buyer along with the irrevoca ble (cannot be canceled once drawn) Purchase Order favouring the exporter. Packing Credit facility will cover all the working capital needs of the exporter including raw materials, wages, packing costs and all pre-shipment costs.Packing credit is available for generally a period of 90 days and the exporter has to pay lower rate of interest compared to traditional Overdraft or Cash Credit facility. Exporters use this facility so they can bid the most competitive price for export thus gaining more business opportunities for export. Packing Credit : Documents The borrower and/or the guarantors have to provide the following documents to the banks or the lending institutions while submitting Packing credit Application. Certain documents may be demanded by the bank or the lending institutions in post sanction phase or on periodical basis. Address Proof : Latest Electricity/Telephone Bill or Receipt of Maintenance Charges or Valid Passport or Voter’s Identity Card or Purchase/Lease Deed/ Leave & License Agreement of Residence or Office Premises. * Identity Proof : Valid Passport, PAN Card, Voter’s Card, Any other photo identification issued by Government Agencies. * Business Proof : VAT/CST Registration No. or MIDC Agreement or SSI Permanent Registration Certificate or Warehouse Receipts or Shop & Establishment Act Certificate or Copy of Lease Agreement along with the latest Rent paid Receipt. * Business Profile on Company’s Letterhead. Partnership deed in case of partnership firms. * Certificate of incorporation, Date of Commencement of Business and Memorandum of Title Deeds, Form 32 in for Addition or Deletion of Directors in case of companies. * Last three years Trading, Profit & Loss A/c. and Balance Sheets (duly signed by a Chartered Accountant wherever applicable). * Last one years’ Bank statement of the Firm. * If existing loan, then sanctioning letter and repayment schedule of the same. * Firm/Company’s PAN Cards. * Individu al Income Tax Returns of the Individual/Partners/Directors for last three years. Last one years’ Bank statement of Individuals, Partners, Directors . * SEBI formalities in case of listed companies. * Share Holding pattern of Directors duly certified by a Chartered Accountant. * List of the Existing Directors of the company from the Registrar of the Companies. Packing Credit : Process 1. Personal interview /discussions is held with the customers by the bank’s officials. 2. Bank's Field Investigation team visits the business place/work place of the applicant. (All the documents submitted are verified by the bank with the originals so as to ensure the authenticity of the same. 3. Bank verifies the track record of the applicant with the common information sharing bureau (CIBIL). 4. In case of fresh projects the bank analyses the back ground of the applicant/firm/company and the Technical feasibility/financial viability of the project based on various parameters and also th e existing market conditions. 5. Depending on the size of the project the file is put up for sanction to the appropriate level of authority. SANCTION AND DISBURSEMENT : 1. On approval/sanction, the sanction letter ,is issued specifying the terms and conditions for the disbursement of the loan.The acceptance to the terms of sanction is taken From the Applicant. 2. The processing charges as specified by the bank have to be paid to proceed further with the disbursement procedure. 3. The documentation procedure takes place viz. Legal opinion of various property documents and also the valuation reports. (Original Documents to title of the immovable assets are to be submitted) 4. All the necessary documents as specified by the legal dept. , according to the terms of sanction of the loan of the bank are executed.Disbursement of the loan takes place after the Legal Dept. Certifies the Correctness of execution document Post shipment finance Pre-shipment is also referred as â€Å"packing cre dit†. It is working capital finance provided by commercial banks to the exporter prior to shipment of goods. The finance required to meet various expenses before shipment of goods is called pre-shipment finance or packing credit DEFINITION: Financial assistance extended to the exporter from the date of receipt of the export order till the date of shipment is known as pre-shipment credit.Such finance is extended to an exporter for the purpose of procuring raw materials, processing, packing, transporting, warehousing of goods meant for exports. IMPORTANCE OF FINANCE AT PRE-SHIPMENT STAGE: * To purchase raw material, and other inputs to manufacture goods. * To assemble the goods in the case of merchant exporters. * To store the goods in suitable warehouses till the goods are shipped. * To pay for packing, marking and labelling of goods. * To pay for pre-shipment inspection charges. * To import or purchase from the domestic market heavy machinery and other capital goods to produce export goods. To pay for consultancy services. * To pay for export documentation expenses. FORMS OR METHODS OF PRE-SHIPMENT FINANCE: 1. Cash Packing Credit Loan: In this type of credit, the bank normally grants packing credit advantage initially on unsecured basis. Subsequently, the bank may ask for security. 2. Advance Against Hypothecation: Packing credit is given to process the goods for export. The advance is given against security and the security remains in the possession of the exporter. The exporter is required to execute the hypothecation deed in favour of the bank. . Advance Against Pledge: The bank provides packing credit against security. The security remains in the possession of the bank. On collection of export proceeds, the bank makes necessary entries in the packing credit account of the exporter. 4. Advance Against Red L/C: The Red L/C received from the importer authorizes the local bank to grant advances to exporter to meet working capital requirements relating to processing of goods for exports. The issuing bank stands as a guarantor for packing credit. 5. Advance Against Back-To-Back L/C:The merchant exporter who is in possession of the original L/C may request his bankers to issue Back-To-Back L/C against the security of original L/C in favour of the sub-supplier. The sub-supplier thus gets the Back-To-Bank L/C on the basis of which he can obtain packing credit. 6. Advance Against Exports Through Export Houses: Manufacturer, who exports through export houses or other agencies can obtain packing credit, provided such manufacturer submits an undertaking from the export houses that they have not or will not avail of packing credit against the same transaction. . Advance Against Duty Draw Back (DBK): DBK means refund of customs duties paid on the import of raw materials, components, parts and packing materials used in the export production. It also includes a refund of central excise duties paid on indigenous materials. Banks offer pre-shipme nt as well as post-shipment advance against claims for DBK. 8. Special Pre-Shipment Finance Schemes: * Exim-Bank’s scheme for grant for Foreign Currency Pre-Shipment Credit (FCPC) to exporters. * Packing credit for Deemed exports. SOME SCHEMES IN PRE-SHIPMENT STAGE OF FINANCE . PACKING CREDIT SANCTION OF PACKING CREDIT ADVANCES: There are certain factors, which should be considered while sanctioning the packing credit advances viz. 1. Banks may relax norms for debt-equity ratio, margins etc but no compromise in respect of viability of the proposal and integrity of the borrower. 2. Satisfaction about the capacity of the execution of the orders within the stipulated time and the management of the export business. 3. Quantum of finance. 4. Standing of credit opening bank if the exports are covered under letters of credit. 5.Regulations, political and financial conditions of the buyer’s country. DISBURSEMENT OF PACKING CREDIT: After proper sanctioning of credit limits, the disbursing branch should ensure: To inform ECGC the details of limit sanctioned in the prescribed format within 30 days from the date of sanction. a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To complete proper documentation and compliance of the terms of sanction i. e. creation of mortgage etc. b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There should be an export order or a letter of credit produced by the exporter on the basis of which disbursements are normally allowed.In both the cases following particulars are to be verified: 1. Name of the Buyer. 2. Commodity to be exported. 3. Quantity. 4. Value. 5. Date of Shipment / Negotiation. 6. Any other terms to be complied with. 2. FOREIGN CURRENCY PRE-SHIPMENT CREDIT (FCPC) * The FCPC is available to exporting companies as well as commercial banks for lending to the former. * It is an additional window to rupee packing credit scheme ; available to cover both the domestic i. e. indigenous ; imported inputs. The exporter has two options to avail him of export finance. To avail him of pre-shipment credit in rupees ; then the post shipment credit either in rupees or in foreign currency denominated credit or discounting /rediscounting of export bills. * To avail of pre-shipment credit in foreign currency ; discounting/rediscounting of the export bills in foreign currency. * FCPC will also be available both to the supplier EOU/EPZ unit and the receiver EOU/EPZ unit. Pre-shipment credit in foreign currency shall also be available on exports to ACU (Asian Clearing Union) countries with effect from 1. 1. 1996.Eligibility: PCFC is extended only on the basis of confirmed /firms export orders or confirmed L/C’s. The â€Å"Running account facility will not be available under the scheme. However, the facility of the liquidation of packing credit under the first in first out method will be allowed. Order or L/C : Banks   should not   insist  Ã‚   on   submission   of   export  Ã‚   order   or   L/C   for   every disbursement  Ã‚  Ã‚   of   pre-shipment  Ã‚   credit , from exporters  Ã‚   with consistently  Ã‚   good   track   record. Instead, a system of periodical submission of a statement of L/C’s or export orders in hand, should be introduced.Sharing of FCPC: Banks may extend FCPC to the manufacturer also on the basis of the disclaimer from the export order. Export Finance HSBC is a market leader in Export Finance, recognised through annual Dealogic surveys. Through a team of professionals in strategic locations globally, Export Finance arranges medium- and long-term financing for HSBC clients in the public and private sector across the globe buying capital goods and services. Finance can cover marine assets, aircraft, power generation equipment, infrastructure development, manufacturing equipment, oilfield services and a host of other goods and services.Export Finance also features regularly in the financing of limited recourse projects, as a project financing tool. Export Finance uses gove rnment guarantee programmes, Export Credit Agencies (ECAs), in an exporting country to credit enhance the financing to the buyer, thereby achieving highly competitive pricing for the buyer. It also allows borrowers to access a new pool of risk capital, often with appetite for extended tenors relative to traditional bank financing. Export Finance provides structuring, arranging, documentation and distribution services for clients in relation to almost all ECAs.

Quotes From A Passage to India by E.M. Forster

Quotes From A Passage to India by E.M. Forster A Passage to India is a famous modern novel by E.M. Forester. Set during the English colonization of India, the novel dramatically depicts some of the conflicts between the Indian people and the colonial government. Here are a few quotes from A Passage to India. So abased, so monotonous is everything that meets the eye, that when the Ganges comes down it might be expected to wash the excrescence back into the soil. Houses do fall, people are drowned and left rotting, but the general outline of the town persists, welling here, shrinking there, like some low but indestructible form of life.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 1On the second rise is laid out the little civil station, and viewed hence Chandrapore appears to be a totally different place. It is a city of gardens. It is no city, but a forest sparsely scattered with huts. It is a tropical pleasaunce washed by a noble river.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 1They all become exactly the same, not worse, not better. I give any Englishman two years, be he Turton or Burton. It is only the difference of a letter. And I give any English woman six months. All are exactly alike.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 2He has found out our dinner hour, thats all, and chooses to inter rupt us every time, in order to show his power.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 2 A Mosque by winning his approval let loose his imagination. The temple of another creed, Hindu, Christian, or Greek, would have bored him and failed to awaken his sense of beauty. Here was Islam, his own country, more than a Faith, more than a battle cry, more, much more.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 2Islam an attitude towards life both exquisite and durable, where his body and his thoughts found their home.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 2That makes no difference. God is here.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 2As he strolled down hill beneath the lovely moon, and again saw the lovely mosque, he seemed to own the land as much as anyone who owned it. What did it matter if a few flabby Hindus had preceded him there, and a few chilly English succeeded.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 2I want to see the real India.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 3Come on, Indias not as bad as all that. Other side of the earth, if you like, but we stick to the same o ld moon.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 3 Adventures do occur, but not punctually.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 3In England the moon had seemed dead and alien; here she was caught in the shawl of night together with earth and all other stars. A sudden sense of unity, of kinship with the heavenly bodies, passed into the old woman and out, like water through a tank, leaving a strange freshness behind.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 3It is easy to sympathize at a distance. I value more the kind word that is spoken close to my ear.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 4No, no, this is going to far. We must exclude someone from our gathering, or we shall be left with nothing.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 4No, it was not picturesque; the East, abandoning its secular magnificence, was descending into a valley whose farther side no man can see.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 5Because India is part of the earth. And God has put us on the earth in order to be pleasant to each other. God is love.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 5 he did not realize that white has no more to do with a colour than God save the King with a god, and that it is the height of impropriety to consider what it does connote.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 7A mystery is only a high sounding term for a muddle. No advantage in stirring it up, in either case. Aziz and I know well that India is a muddle.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 7Aziz was exquisitely dressed, from tie-pin to spats, but he had forgotten his back-collar stud, and there you have the Indian all over; inattention to detail, the fundamental slackness that reveals the race.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 8 Her hand touched his, owing to a jolt, and one of the thrills so frequent in the animal kingdom passed between them, and announced that their difficulties were only a lovers quarrel.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 8And when the whole world behaves as such, there will be no more purdah?- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 11But he [Aziz] himself was rooted in society and Islam. He belonged to a tradition, which bound him, and he had brought children into the world, the society of the future. Though he lived so vaguely in this flimsy bungalow, nevertheless he was placed, placed.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 11All the love he felt for her at the Mosque welled up again, the fresher for forgetfulness.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 13You keep your religion, I mine. That is best. Nothing embraces the whole of India, nothing, nothing and that was Akbars mistake.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 14But suddenly, at the edge of her mind, Religion appeared, po or little talkative Christianity, and she knew that all its divine words from Let there be light to It is finished only amounted to boum.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 14 I have had twenty five years experience of this countryand twenty five years seemed to fill the waiting room with their staleness and ungeneroisityand during those twenty five years, I have never known anything but disaster result when English people and Indians attempt to be intimate socially.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 17They are not to blame, they have not a dogs chancewe should be like them if we settled here.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 18They had started speaking of women and children, that phrase that exempts the male from sanity when it has been repeated a few times.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 20But every humane act in the East is tainted with officialism, and while honoring him they condemned Aziz and India.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 20The sound had spouted after her when she escaped, and was going on still like a river that gradually floods the plain. Only Mrs. Moore could drive it back to its source and seal the broken reserv oir. Evil was loose...she could hear it entering the lives of others.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 22 Her Christian tenderness had gone, or had developed into hardness, a just irritation against the human race; she had taken no interest at the arrest, asked scarcely any questions, and had refused to leave her bed on one awful last night of Mohurram, when an attack was expected on the bungalow.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 22As soon as she landed in India, it seemed to her good, and when she saw the water flowing through the mosque tank, or the Ganges, or the moon caught in the shawl of night with all the other stars, it seemed a beautiful goal and an easy one.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 23by what right did they claim so much importance in the world and assume the title of civilization?- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 24Ronnys religion was of the sterilized Public School brand, which never goes bad, even in the tropics. Wherever he entered, mosque, cave or temple, he retained the spiritual outlook of the fifth form, and condemned as weakening any attempt t o understand them.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 28 The poem for Mr. Bhattacharya never got written, but it had an effect. It led him towards the vague and bulky figure of a mother-land. He was without natural affection for the land of his birth, but the Marabar Hills drove him to it. Half closing his eyes, he attempted to love India.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 30Suspicion in the Oriental is a sort of malignant tumor, a mental malady, that makes him self-conscious and unfriendly suddenly; he trusts and mistrusts at the same time in a way the Westerner can not comprehend. It is his demon, as the Westerners is hypocrisy.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 32Thus Godbole, though she was not important to him, remembered an old woman he had met in Chandrapore days. Chance brought her into his mind while it was in this heated state, he did not select her, she happened to occur among the throng of soliciting images, a tiny splinter, and he impelled her by his spiritual force to that place where completeness can be found.- E.M . Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 33 My heart is for my own people henceforward.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 35Then you are an Oriental.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 36But the horses didnt want it-they swerved apart; the earth didnt want it, sending up rocks through which riders must pass single file; the temples, the tank, the jail, the palace, the birds, the carrion, the Guest House, that came into view as they issued from the gap and saw Mau beneath: they didnt want it, they said in their hundred voices, No, not yet, and the sky said, No, not there.- E.M. Forster, A Passage to India, Ch. 37

What is a Revolution essays

What is a Revolution essays If one were to look up the definition of the word revolution in a dictionary, they would simply find that it is simply a change, or overthrow of a government/situation. However, even though the concept of a revolution may sound easy, it requires a long process. The idea of revolution is thinkable by almost any person of almost any understanding age. Contrary to this, the actual planning and going about a revolution is usually done by highly educated individual(s) or people who have sufficient knowledge on the topic. Another factor that is required in starting a revolution is a valid reason, with proof or cause. For example, a person can not start a revolution just by stating that he/she doesnt like someone without a justified valid reason. Contrary to that, they can start a revolution if they hated someone for ruling them unfairly or not complying with certain rules that are set forth. Usually when a revolution is started, there are the causes (conflict or need for change), the pros, and the cons. A revolution is started when the people who are revolting or seeking a momentous change, are dissatisfied in one aspect or another. The people who help start the revolution are the most prominent educated men or women. They help set the foundation of their revolution, and help develop an argument to support their need to revolt or change. An example of this would be how the foundation of the French Revolution was laid. First of all, the founders of the revolution derived their ideas from the American Revolution and used it as one of the causes of their revolution. Its causes ranged from the American Revolution, the economic crisis in France, social injustices to the immediate causes like the fall of Bastille, the Convening of the Estate-General, and the Great Fear. In this revolution, the French society was divided amongst itself, and that was one of the factors that made this resolution very hard to resolve. Another main aspect of ma...

Rhetorical analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 8

Rhetorical analysis - Essay Example He has an alcohol abuse problem that becomes a source of rift between him and his employers. Osborne is not able to do his best at the job owing to his drinking issues. Eventually Osborne Cox is fired by the CIA owing to his drinking problem that fills him with much angst, rage and disappointment. Osborne decides to get even with the CIA by drafting his memoirs narrating his experiences with the CIA that eventually he ends up losing, giving way to much personal black mailing and harassment. The movie Burn after Reading revolves around the theme that one should avoid writing one’s personal information and secrets anywhere to avoid eventual data theft which may result in unwarranted and harmful implications (Doom 45). Had Osborne not written his personal experiences on the ill fated CD, not only it would have saved him much trouble, but would have also not led to much chagrin and tragedies. Once Osborne gets fired from the CIA, his paediatrician wife sees in it a chance to end her dysfunctional marriage with Osborne and to continue with her adulterous affair with Harry. In Osborne’s professional problems she sees an opportunity to seek a divorce from him so that she could carry on with the affair she is having with Harry. The sad thing is that Osborne has saved much prolonged diatribe against his ex employer that is the CIA on his computer hard drive. Desirous of seeking a divorce from Osborne, his wife Katie Cox on the advice of his divorce lawyers decides to save all the data residing on Osborne’s computer hard drive on to a CD. Unluckily she also ends up saving the professional details regarding the CIA that Osborne had saved on his computer onto the very same CD. This lets loose a chain of events that give way to much harassment and loss. The diskette onto which Katie has copied many of his personal files from the memoir falls into the hands of two un scrupulous gym employees, Linda and Chad, who try to sell it. Linda wants some money for an elective

Evaluation Rally championship Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Evaluation Rally championship - Coursework Example Evaluation is important in a rally car championship just as in any other field. To perform an evaluation, it is important to choose an evaluation tool and instrument in order to properly assess the ability of all the participants who took place in the training program (ASTD 24). Evaluation of each participant should be measured against the requirements and objectives of the course. The selection of the evaluation instruments is dependent on the stage or the level of training. Kirkpatrick’s four level training models help in analyzing the effectiveness of a program, and they include reaction, learning, behaviour and results. Level 1: Reaction This level measures the reaction of the trainees towards the car rally championship training. ... The type of question used will depend on the main purpose of evaluation. Select the type of questions which can be closed ended or open ended Design the questionnaires Pre-test the questionnaires to determine if they are ideal to be tested on the participants Finalize the questionnaire Level 3: Behaviour This level enables the evaluator to evaluate the progress of the trainees in terms of their changed behaviour based on what they have learnt. This level looks at how the trainees are able to apply the information learnt. There are four necessary conditions required for a change to take place: The person must work in the right climate The person must have the desire to change The person must be given a reward for the change The person must know what to do and how to do it Impact survey is the appropriate tool for evaluating behaviour change on the learners. An impact survey should be carried out as a follow-up evaluation several months before the training program is completed (ASTD 24 ). This tool measures the final results that occurred in behaviour as a result of the participant’s participation in the training program. The main reason for the use of impact survey is to assess the participant’s behavioural change. Evaluation on this level will measure whether the skills and knowledge learnt by the participants is applied to work. The evaluation tools will be chosen depending on the goals of the training program. The evaluation tools will also be result based which calls for the evaluators to carry out a step by step analysis in order to meet the set objectives. The chosen tools are very important in helping the evaluators or instructors